What You Dont Know About Gun Problem Essay Samples

What You Don't Know About Gun Problem Essay Samples To take the most suitable place in the weapon legalization essay is the vital moment for your entire work. A writer may also offer info concerning the efficacy of available laws. Everyone has their own comprehension of what dangerous ways. A legal statement is something which you may have to speak to a lawyer about. The last and the main idea is to keep testing yourself. Thus, you've got to be quite careful when recommending the ideas. There's a social networking site available for you, irrespective of the characteristics you are trying to get. There are many problems, even on your own campus, that should be resolved. Top Gun Problem Essay Samples Secrets There isn't much details on the illegally sold or smuggled guns, though gun trafficking is a rather considerable issue. Additionally, they are not the actual problem that needs to be addressed. Banning guns won't be helpful and won't have served the intended function. Lots of people appear to think that banning guns will bring about significantly reduced violence. The Advantages of Gun Problem Essay Samples The argument on the foundation of the country on the uncontrolled accessibility to guns is faulty. Thus, the purpose of the government of growing security by letting the people to access guns is self-defeating. Today, gun control is a big concern in political campaigns across the country. There isn't a means to eliminate gun violence in the united states completely, but there are numerous tactics to at least reduce the quantities of lives lost to firearms in america. New Questions About Gun Problem Essay Samples The usage of fire arms has become the cause of several debates. Some took their very own lives before the authorities could even reply to the scene. Still on the state of Chicago whereby it's really hard to acquire a gun legally, it's comical that it's the state where it's the simplest to acquire the gun illegally. Many peop le think that law restricting gun control will result in crime reduction. Another reason folks are so pro-guns is how they need them for self defense. The point is that businesses that have come to be too big have come to be so embedded in the economy. In when the people were permitted to access all the guns they needed, the situation was different. Should you look around, you are going to observe social issues that affect society each day. When many men and women opine that the use of fire arms ought to be restricted to people of a specific caliber, others have the opinion that gun use needs to be legalized. In nearly all of the states, gun access is totally free to all the people who have attained the vast majority age. There are lots of gun control statistics on earth and not everybody is able to agree on gun control advantages and disadvantages. To summarize, gun control statistics can go a ways toward helping people who wish to learn the the inner workings of the problem, but it is extremely tough for anybody who has no subjective opinion on the matter of gun control to come up with an opinion on the matter. The Secret to Gun Problem Essay Samples For that reason, it defeats the full purpose of gun access, which is to make sure that there's more security. It may have been easier to just ban guns from legal buy, and there are lots of proponents of such measures. One of the major explanations for why gun control is necessary is the growth in shooting situations, especially in schools. For instance, if the issue is the damage to soil due to fracking, you might suggest to stop all fracking and detect an alternative that doesn't lead to soil degradation. The Number One Question You Must Ask for Gun Problem Essay Samples Secondly, it's obligatory to assemble catchy facts and statistical data to boost the text with the persuasive arguments. In your essay, you must demonstrate that you know the problem described in the prompt, and after that you must describe a potential solution. You might find that your mean score differs from peers who also took the PCAT around the exact moment. Observe that the Writing score is set besides the Multiple-Choice scores. Hence, you've been provided with the simplest topic for problem solution essays, you can decide on any on of the above mentioned and get started writing your essay right away. In half an hour, you must finish your essay, therefore it's crucial you efficiently manage your time. It's not unlikely your essay could be judged entirely by the debut, or conclusion, which is an equally important portion of the essay. My essay is broken up into three standard components, the introduction, the human body and the conclusion. Gun essay has to talk about the issue generally speaking. Life is precious, they say, and they are able to only safeguard their lives should they have the suitable equipment. Finding out how to compose a disclaimer is something which many people need to learn.

My Personal Philosophy Of Nursing - 1160 Words

Personal Philosophy of Nursing Introduction The development of a philosophy related to the profession of nursing is important in that it provides a framework for the nurse to base his/her work on. Philosophy is defined by Merriam-Webster as â€Å"a search for a general understanding of values and reality by chiefly speculative rather than observational means†. In other words, philosophies are based on beliefs and assumptions with an overall goal of obtaining an objective which states the nurse’s purpose in the profession. In my undergraduate nursing program I was exposed to multiple nursing concepts that guided my practice. Coupled with my ten years of experience in the nursing field, I was enabled to formulate my own framework or guide to†¦show more content†¦For the purposes of this paper, I will refer to the entity receiving nursing care as the client. The health and well-being of a client is dependent upon the synchrony of five aspects that co-exist in the client’s life: physical health, psychologic health, social networks, cultural needs, and spiritual needs. A client possesses self-care interventions, such as skills, knowledge and tools to keep these aspects in balance. Dorothea Orem’s self-care deficit theory (SCDT) explains â€Å"Self-care, or care for oneself, must be learned and be deliberately performed for life, human functioning, and well-being† (Smith Parker, 2015, p.107). A disruption to one or more of these facets beyond the client’s self-care abilities results in a self-care deficit. It is this deficit or need that brings the nurse and client together. Orem explained, â€Å"Nursing is legitimate or needed when the individual’s self-care capabilities and care demands are equal to, less than or more than at a point in time.† (Smith Parker, 2015, p.108). Professional Nurse Just as Florence Nightingale said, â€Å"Health is not only to be well but to be able to use well every power we have† (As cited in Attewell, 2010, p. 103), I believe the healing process requires a multi-faceted approach. Assessing the patient as a whole allows the nurse to formulize a plan of care that will best accommodate the needs of the patient, which in turn will assist in the healing process. The professional nurse provides

Internet on Quality Service Delivery †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Internet on Quality Service Delivery. Answer: Introduction: The application of IT mostly refers to computers as well as the peripheral equipment has witnessed widened development to different industries in the past years (Laudon P Laudon J, 2004). The most typical example of the industries is the banking and finance sector. To enhance productivity the Diamond trust bank requires incorporation of information technology. Increased output and gains will be achieved once the banking includes its transactions. Since information technology is associated with processes which facilitate making profit it is therefore required in the bank. Banking activities associated with banking include internet banking, digital payments, security investments as well as information exchanges. The services will ensure that Diamond trust bank acquires large market since its services will be available globally. The primary reason as to why Diamond trust bank should adopt information technology is the need to minimize operating costs henceforth maximizing the gains and offering outstanding services to the customers. Information technology has enabled the bank to move from paper work to digitized and networked business services. The internal accounting and management system of the bank has changed tremendously. The process of interaction with customers has also changed since one controls his/her account by just pressing buttons of a mobile phone. Withdrawals and deposits can be done at any time of the day. The automated teller machines (ATM) has also facilitated easy and cheap withdrawals (Banker Kauffman, 1998). The bank will be in a position to compete successfully with the other banks. The increased profit margins associated with IT incorporation in the bank will ensure the banks survives in future and the goals will be met respectively. The first step of application of information technology in the Diamond trust bank will majorly involve the IT experts. The IT experts are individuals who are skilled in the field of computer, and they are reliable in providing information on the steps which should be taken to adopt information technology (Prasad Harker, 1997). The IT experts are expected to give the estimated budget required for the adoption of informatics in the bank and the departments which should be given the priority. The procedure should involve detailed information on the equipment to be purchased, installation and training. The computers will be purchased as well as the automated teller machines (ATM) and the software's which are applied globally in transferring of currency. The departments will be equipped with computers to ease their tasks and reduce paperwork. The machines will be used for communication purposes and keeping records. The computers are also capital intensive since the workforce initially used will be reduced (Prasad Harker, 1997). The performance of tasks will be achieved at fast rates with very minimal errors. The involvement of employees at their respective offices will also be made with fewer movements. The IT experts will be responsible for the installation of automated teller machines and maintenance as well as training the users. The automatic teller machines will end up reducing queues in the banks since withdrawals will be made fast and cheap. The IT experts will also install the software used to transfer and change currency and monitor the progress. Customers will, therefore, be in a position to send money to every part of the country by use of services like pay pal or western union. Transfer of currency like US dollars to pounds will also be facilitated. The IT experts will also avail internet banking to the customers henceforth reducing paperwork and making transactions easy, cheap and fast (Laudon P Laudon J, 2004). The bankers will, therefore, be connected to the other banks internationally. Although there is a lot of costs which will be incurred by the bank to adopt information technology, it is likely that the bank will make profits immediately after the computer processes run successfully, therefore, covering the losses. How Diamond trust bank uses IT. The adoption of informatics in Diamond trust bank will ensure that anyone who is involved in the transactions will apply it. It will run from the senior staff to the junior team not excluding the customers. All the employees of the bank will work through computers which will be used for communication purposes, keeping records of clients and the transactions involved. The managers of the teams will ensure the smooth running of the bank and ensure that each and every employee plays his or task towards fully meeting the requirements of the customers. Errors will be minimized by application of information technology in the processes (transactions) Customers (bankers) will not be left behind in the use of the information technology since almost all services will be incorporated. Withdrawals of cash will no longer be made over the counter but the use of automated teller machines (ATM). The ATMs usually provide services at any time of the day thus enabling convenience (Prasad Harker, 1997). The customer will also be expected to familiarize themselves with internet banking and electronic banking since most transactions will involve information technology (Zhu, Kraemer Dedrick, 2004). Through possessing mobile phone bankers will be able to visit their accounts make withdrawals, deposits and cash transfers at any time of the day. The processes will ensure transactions are made fast at both parties' conveniences and relatively lower operations costs. All participants in the firm will be incorporated in the use of information technology. Use of IT in banking and finance sector brings about a lot of convenience (Zhu, Kraemer Dedrick, 2004). Many transactions involving business can be done right from office or home at the click of a button without necessarily traveling. Bankers can monitor their accounts via the net a technique that can be a lot fast as well as hassle-free in comparison to going to the bank (Riggins Weber, 2016). The staff of the banks additionally delight in non-transactional facilities similar to ordering checkbooks online, updating accounts, enquiring about interest rates of numerous financial services (Cosolaro Gobbi, 2007). The processes involving banking transactions and keeping records become very convenient by application of information technology (Floyd Wooldridge, 1990). The main reason to why banks have opted to adopt information technology in their operations can be associated with significantly high gains, easy and fast operations (Laudon P Laudon J, 2004). Processes which were initially labor intensive are now capital intensive. The employees have been substantially reduced by the introduction of computers, and less physical effort is currently practiced (Bala, Bhagwatwar Ahmed, 2016). The customers also enjoy significantly lower transactional costs. The banks, thus, stand as an alternative to offering minimum or perhaps no deposit accounts for online banking and fewer penalties on early withdrawal of fixed deposits. Information technology has had beneficial effects on the banks as well as customers. Fantastic services have been availed to the customers by just logging into their bank accounts (Venkatesh, Bala Sambamorthy, 2016). The services availed include loan calculators, financial planning capabilities, functional budgeting and forecasting tools, equity trading platform and investment analysis tool (Pikkarainen, Karjaluoto pahnila, 2004). All these services are available on the bank's websites. Internet banking will avail banking services at user's convenience where one can make transactions while on the move. The application of information technology in Diamond trust bank will have other advantages involving reducing paperwork, saving time and improved security of funds (Lin, 2007). Risks of IT use Diamond trust bank. In the past transactions were done while both involved parties were both physically present (Laudon P Laudon J, 2004). Personal relationships were developed between the staff and customers as opposed once IT is applied. This means that the clients with special needs like financial advice find it difficult to be attended. Some essential financial information to customers is no longer available. Internet banking provides some complex operations to some customers. Such services need face to face discussions so that they can be solved efficiently. Customers may be stranded upon coming across to such transactions since they lack the qualified personnel to guide them (Lin, 2007). The internet banking needs to be guarded against by the IT experts. Although there exist sophisticated encryption software designed to protect customers' accounts, there is always the possibility of being hacked by smart elements in the cyber world (Pikkarainen, Karjaluoto pahnila, 2004). Monitoring IT in Diamond trust bank. The banking sector should fully adopt an IT expert, once they opt to incorporate the information technology in their operations (Pikkarainen, Karjaluoto pahnila, 2004). The IT specialist ensures that the facilities are in an orderly manner and kept updated. The IT experts also ensure that the machines and facilities are well maintained. The bank should lay down mechanisms and conditions to ensure that their systems cannot be hacked easily and insisting that clients give accurate information (Prasad Harker, 1997). All stakeholders of the banking institution should corporate to make sure that the system works efficiently as expected. Due to continuous developments in technology and willingness of the world to exist as a village, it is mandatory that every organization adopts information technology in its operations. The banking sector is not exceptional since IT has widened use in the operations. The advantages of information technology are diverse once it is applied effectively. However, there are some shortcomings which are associated with IT incorporation. Firms should ensure that an IT expert is employed to ensure all issues pertaining information technology flow smoothly. Conclusion IT is an essential aspect in transactions of any organization especially the banking industry. It is, therefore, recommendable that banks apply IT in their operations to enjoy various advantages associated with it. The benefits are diverse to the customers the bank as well as the employees. However, the IT should be applied wisely to minimize the challenges associated with it. References Bala, H., Bhagwatwar, A., Ahmed, M. (2016). Impacts of Information and Communication Technology Implementation on Regulated Financial Services: The Case of Swaziland. In ICTs in Developing Countries (pp. 41-58). Palgrave Macmillan UK. Banker, R. D., Kauffman, R. J. (1988). Strategic contributions of information technology: an empirical study of ATM networks. Casolaro, L., Gobbi, G. (2007). Information technology and productivity changes in the banking industry.Economic Notes,36(1), 43-76. Dos Santos, B. L., Peffers, K., Mauer, D. C. (1993). The impact of information technology investment announcements on the market value of the firm. Information Systems Research, 4(1), 1-23. Floyd, S. W., Wooldridge, B. (1990). Path analysis of the relationship between competitive strategy, information technology, and financial performance.Journal of management information systems,7(1), 47-64. Joseph, M., Stone, G. (2003). An empirical evaluation of US bank customer perceptions of the impact of technology on service delivery in the banking sector.International Journal of Retail Distribution Management,31(4), 190-202. Laudon, K. C., Laudon, J. P. (2004). Management information systems: Managing the digital firm. New Jersey, 8. Lin, B. W. (2007). Information technology capability and value creation: Evidence from the US banking inIdowu, P. A., Alu, A., Adagunodo, E. R. (2002). The effect of information technology on the growth of the banking industry in Nigeria.The Electronic Journal of Information Systems in Developing Countries,10.dustry.Technology in Society,29(1), 93-106. Pikkarainen, T., Pikkarainen, K., Karjaluoto, H., Pahnila, S. (2004). Consumer acceptance of online banking: an extension of the technology acceptance model. Internet research, 14(3), 224-235. Prasad, B., Harker, P. T. (1997). Examining the contribution of information technology toward productivity and profitability in US retail banking.The Wharton Financial Institutions Center Working Papers,97(9). Riggins, F., Weber, D. (2016). Exploring the impact of information and communication technology (ICT) on intermediation market structure in the microfinance industry. The African Journal of Information Systems, 8(3), 1. Venkatesh, V., Bala, H., Sambamurthy, V. (2016). Implementation of an Information and Communication Technology in a Developing Country: A Multimethod Longitudinal Study in a Bank in India. Information Systems Research, 27(3), 558-579. Wellington, J. P. (2016). The Impact of Internet on Quality Service Delivery in Nigeria Banking Industry: A Case Study of Zenith Bank Plc (Doctoral dissertation). Zhu, K., Kraemer, K. L., Dedrick, J. (2004). Information technology payoff in e-business environments: An international perspective on value creation of e-business in the financial services industry.Journal of management information systems,21(1), 17-54.

Why Lady Macbeth Is More Guilty Essays - Characters In Macbeth

Why Lady Macbeth is more Guilty THROUGH THE VIEW OF A READER, THE REASONS WHY MACBETH IS MORE GUILTY BY HIS ACTIONS THEN LADY MACBETH IS BY HERS. Macbeth is a very exciting story containing all kinds of plots and murders. The characters that are killing and are planning murders are all very deceiving and treacherous. Two of the most dangerous criminals in this play are Lady Macbeth and her husband. Together they commit the most dreadful murder by killing the King; Duncan. This is why it is difficult to determine which one of these two is more guilty, because they each do their own part in committing the crime. Lady Macbeth would prepare the plan and then encourage Macbeth to go through with it. Macbeth did the actual murdering, he was also the first person who thought about killing Duncan. Furthermore he did some killing on his own. Lady Macbeth did not have any involvement in these cases. Based on these facts, Macbeth would be found more guilty than Lady Macbeth. The very first murder in this story was committed on Duncan. This crime was planned by both Macbeth and Lady Macbeth. The actual murder was done by Macbeth, making him more guilty of the crime. Lady Macbeth just talked about committing the crime, but she never actually went through with it nor would she ever, and that is all that counts. Talking about committing the incident is very different from actually doing it. Lady Macbeth did a little more than just talk about it though. She also urged Macbeth into doing it and that is what makes her part of this crime, but she is not as guilty as Macbeth. He really didn't have to listen to what his wife said. Macbeth had a mind of his own and he could make his own decision. The other murders that Macbeth was involved in were not committed by him, but were ordered by him. The people who did the killing had no choice, they had to do it, because they worked for Macbeth. Macbeth knew this and was a bit more guilty in these murders then lady Macbe th was when she urged him. The idea of killing Duncan first came from Macbeth. Macbeth listened to the witches prophecies that said he would become King. Macbeth did not want to wait any longer and he thought the only way to become King was to kill the present King; Duncan. Macbeth later told Lady Macbeth about this and she just wanted to help him and do whatever she could for him, so that he would be happy and be King. She was also excited about becoming a Queen so she pushed Macbeth forward and did not let him back down from doing what he said he'd do. Macbeth had a good chance of becoming King if Duncan was out of the picture, so Lady Macbeth helped stage a plan so that Macbeth could kill him without being caught. Lady Macbeth wanted to do this for herself as well but she was mostly doing this for Macbeth because she loved him so much. Macbeth is a regular murderer throughout the play and is involved in a lot more murders then Lady Macbeth is. She was only involved in the murder of the King while Macbeth wa s killing people throughout the whole story. He killed lots of men fighting for the King, and later on he killed the King. After killing the King he ordered some of his men to murder Banquo and Fleance, Fleance got away though. Later on through the story when Macduff went to join Malcolm, Macbeth had Macduff's family killed. Macbeth was a man that murdered far more people then his wife did. So he was a more guilty person then she was. Through the story Macbeth got obsessed with killing others and he wanted to kill more, while Lady Macbeth became so self conscience that she went crazy and killed herself. Throughout the course of the story it is tough to decide who is a more guilty person, but if you look at it through the eye's of today's law you will see that Macbeth is more guilty of murder. This is because

buy custom Health Care Professionals essay

buy custom Health Care Professionals essay Caring for a patient with terminal illness is challenging because most of the time the patient is unconscious thus remains a passive recipient of care. Health care professionals and family members are left to decide for the patient yet they do not experience the physical impact of the disease. With a view to the selected incident, two issues that arise are ethical and legal. The rationale of selecting the ethical and legal issues is that Battes (2003) states that they interfere with decision making process in times of a dilemma. Autonomy is one of the ethical principles and it requires that the patient makes decision about the care that he wants (Gedge et al. 2007). In an event where the patient is unconscious, health care professionals compromise autonomy by deciding for the patient or letting the relatives decide. The right of a patient to live is one of the legal issues (Rhome 2004) that arise from the incident. The doctor is faced with a challenge of whether to take the patients life by withholding medications or letting him live and suffer. Legal and ethical issues have an imperative impact on the delivery of care to the patients and carers because they influence the actions of the health care professionals. According to the law, the doctor can withhold treatment and let the patient die peacefully (Cook, 2008). On the other hand, Chantal (2006) explains that it is unethical to withhold treatment if the majority of the people concerned do not feel happy about the idea. For instance, if withholding treatment will annoy the family members, the doctor has no right of doing so. According to the ethical principles, health care providers should supply comprehensive and holistic care to the patient and the significant others regardless of whom they are. Ethics is a way of examining morality. Singer (2010) states that clinical ethics dictate the professional behaviors of health care providers because they issue a framework for decision making process. Ethics in terminal care entail practical reasoning about the management of the patients. Occasionally, the health care provider may find himself in an ethical dilemma because the ethical principles which are autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence and justice are in conflict (Matzo et al. 2004). For instance, the patient has a right to make decision but when he is unconscious, it becomes hard for the health care professional to decide who should play that role on the patients behalf. In such a case the health care professional should select a course of actions that he thinks is morally upright. By this, the health care professional can decide for the patient or allow the relatives to make an informed decision. The ethical principle of autonomy dictates that it is a patient who should decide whether he wants to continue living or not. Autonomy is similar to self determination and Thomas (2009) states that every insane human being has freedom to choose what can be done to his body. The focus of autonomy is informed consent and health care professionals should explain to the patient about the disease process, management and outcome so that he can make a choice (Chantal, 2006). In the event where the patient has a cognitive problem the significant others can decide for him. With a view to the selected incident, the doctor explained the patients condition and management to the family members so that they decide on his behalf. The ethical theories of beneficence and non-maleficence guide the health care professionals so that they provide quality care to the patients. Thomas (2009) explains that according to beneficence theory, health care professionals should provide care that is beneficial for the patient while non-maleficence states that the patient should be protected from harm. These theories form the goal of patients management which is to assist them in recovering or reduce suffering and thus prolong life (Gallagher et al. 2007). With the view to the selected incident, the issue that arises is withholding some treatment and life supportive assistance. The patient could not completely benefit from the hospital interventions but he was likely to experience more harm because of lack of treatment at the hospice. That is why the family members were confused when the doctor declared that he was going to stop the intravenous fluids and some medications. The question that comes out from the incident concerns the authority of sustaining or withholding life. Is it a doctor, a nurse, a patient or the family members who should make a decision about withholding treatment? According to Wright (2003), the patient should decide, but if he is unconscious the significant others can decide and the doctor has no authority of imposing forced treatment regimen. Justice is an ethical principle that concerns fair and equal treatment of the patient, the relatives and the significant others (Battes 2003). It states that the nurse should treat every person equally regardless of their social status, culture and disease condition. With a view to the selected incident, the nurse respected the patients relatives by explaining them the patients condition and the treatment plan. The nurses action demonstrates distributive justice. On the other hand, the nurse was unfair in her attempts to withhold treatment and deny the patient his or her right to live. Analysis of Legal Issues In the provision of care, health care professionals cannot assume legal issues since they affect care. Some actions may be allowed by ethics, while being not permitted by the law (Thomas 2009). According to the law, it is forbidden to take any humans life while the ethical principle of autonomy permits it in case of patients request to take his life. With a view to the selected incident, the doctor could not have stopped the patients treatment if he had followed the law that forbids to withhold someones life. According to Wright (2003) the law is minimal ethics because it operates under the values and principles of the society. The law is a reflection of the ideas of the majority concerning specific issue. If the health care professionals are to follow the law, they have to respect the voices of the family members and significant others (Cook 2008). This means that when it comes to matters concerning life and death, the family members and significant others should be given the first priority. With a view to the selected incident, the doctor should have asked for the family members opinion about treatment withdrawal instead of implementing the plan that only afterwards was introduced to them.. Most of the legal issues relating to care of the patients with terminal illness fall under the common and statutory law (Matzo et al. 2004). The court decides the common law and it involves issues like autonomy and treatment withdrawal while the statutory law concerns euthanasia (Thomas 2009). The law limits ethical actions that may be risky for the patient or the family members. Wright (2003) states that the law acts as a framework for decision making process and it helps the health care professionals avoid liabilities. With a view to the selected incident, the doctor could have prolonged the patients life for some days by not withholding treatment since the law states the patients right to live. Rhome (2004) explains that the law provides guidelines for the health care professionals to balance between benefits and harm. Health care professionals should relieve any patient from the signs and symptoms of the disease, inflicting no harm. In the event that the patients relatives doubt the treatment regimen and are worried about the side effects, the health care professional should prioritize the law about harm prevention (Matzo et al. 2004). On the other hand, if the benefit is imperative in comparison to the prevention of harm then the health care professional should prioritize the law of benefits. Witha view to the selected incident, the doctor followed the law of benefits by withholding treatment. This is because being allowed to continue living, the patient could have suffered more. The law provides guidelines that assist the health care professionals in dealing with two harmful situations. If the health care professional cannot compare the danger of prolonged treatment with the side effects of medical care, he should select one action that is less harmful to prevent the occurrence of a more serious harm (Battes 2003). With a view to the selected incident, the prolonging of the patients life could have a negative impact on both the patient and the family members. The patient could have suffered for a long period of time while the family members would continue experiencing psychological and emotional difficulties while caring for him. This is the reason why the doctor decided to take an action with a lesser harm that is to withhold the treatment. How Nursing Practice Can Be Improved In Relation To Ethical and Legal Issues In relation to ethical and legal issues nursing practice can be improved by the application of ethical-legal theories while providing care to the patients and the significant others. The ethical-legal theories include deontology, utilitarianism and natural law (Wright 2003). Although these theories will assist the nurse in making a rational decision while in a dilemma, a moral reasoning is important. Therefore, a nurse should learn how to establish a therapeutic relationship with the patient, so that the moral skills develop (Chantal 2006). Moral skills will assist the nurse in making an ultimate decision about the care of the patient. With a view to the selected incident, the nurse could have refused to stop the medication if she considered it to be unethical. Utilitarianism is an ethical-legal theory that operates under the principle of making many people happy regardless of the consequences to an individual (Gallagher et al. 2007). Application of this theory to the nursing practice is important because it will reduce the prevalence of self interests. Singer (2010) explains that according to utilitarianism, a nurse should provide quality care because that is what the hospital institution is aimed at. With a view to the selected incident, the nurse could have provided holistic care to the patient till death because it is in line with the hospital guidelines. By so doing, the nurse could have alleviated the distress that the family members underwent while observing their relation die peacefully. On the other hand, it was ethical for the nurse to stop the medication, having explained the treatment plan to the relatives. This is because the relatives accepted the treatment plan. According to the deontology theory, common sense is important and nurses should perform their duties fairly that is to treat every person with integrity and apply the ethical principles without discrimination (Wright 2003). Ethical principles that are deontological in nature include autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficience and preservation of life (Chantal 2006). A nurse should provide services that are beneficial for the patient and avoid any source of harm, preserving his life. Considering the selected incident, the nurse should have provided holistic care to the patient and the significant others because it is her duty. Additionally, the nurse could not have stopped the medication because the theory of deontology states that a nurse should preserve life. The natural law of ethical-legal theory states that an action is morally good if it is in line with the human goals and it does not harm a person (Singer 2010). According to this law, it is unethical for the nurse to refuse to care for the patient. The nurse should help the patient to become independent,providing a collaborative care that addresses his needs. With a view to the selected incident, the nurse could have collaborated with the doctor and provide comprehensive care to the patient. Withholding of the treatment decreased the patients ability to progress into a different stage of recovery. Potential Barriers The application of the ethical-legal theories in the nursing practice can be interfered by a number of barriers concerning the patient, the significant others, health facility and the health care providers. According to Wright (2003), a patients beliefs, disease condition and financial status can be a barrier to application of ethical-legal principles and theories in the nursing practice. A patient who believes that intravenous medication is the best solution may refuse other treatment modalities. In the event that a certain drug does not have an intravenous preparation it may be hard for the nurse to provide beneficial services for the patient is likely to refuse treatment. In a study done, Singer (2010) explains that approximately sixty eight percent of the patients with terminal illness were willing to allow the doctor to end their lives because of financial difficulties. Many of them preferred to die because they could not afford to support their families financially. This shows that financial inability can be a barrier to application of ethical theories in the nursing practice. For instance, the aforementioned patients can refuse nursing care because they want to die. Lastly, the disease condition of the patient is a potential barrier to nursing practice because it influences the decision making process (Matzo et al. 2004). A patient with cognitive abnormalities cannot make a rational decision concerning his management. In the event that such a patient refuses treatment, the nurse is in a dilemma of whether to force the patient to take medication or follow his wishes and command. With a view to the selected incident, the nurse had to follow the fami ly members commands because the patient was unconscious and could not decide about his care. The patients family members and the significant others can be a barrier to the application of ethical principles in the nursing practice because they influence the management of the patient (Gedge et al. 2007). When a nurse wants to provide a comprehensive and holistic care to the patient and the significant others want the nurse to withhold treatment, it becomes hard for the nurse to apply the ethical-legal theory. Rhome (2004) explains that the culture and social values of the family members are potential barriers to provision of nursing services. For instance, people who believe that the nurse should not administer narcotics to a patient with a terminal illness can interfere with the nursing practice by prohibiting the nurse from administering medication to the patient. The potential barriers to application of the ethical-legal theories that relate to the health facility include lack of enough supplies, the hospital policies and the human resource (Wright 2003). A nurse may want to support the patients life but if the hospital does not have the necessary supplies, it becomes impossible. For instance, lack of protective devices like gloves and masks can prevent a nurse from providing the patient with a quality care. The hospital guidelines play an imperative role in the application of ethical-legal theories in the nursing practice. If the hospital rules dictate that the doctor is the final decision maker in the management of a patient, the nurse is unlikely to provide quality services (Chantal 2006). With a view to the selected incident, the nurse had to withhold treatment yet the nursing ethics states that a nurse should assist the patient until he dies. Finally, inadequate human resource is a potential barrier to provision of nursing care (Wright 2003). For instance, if the nurse is under pressure because of understaffing, she is likely to withhold treatment so that the patient dies and relieves her from the excessive workload. Besides, lack of knowledge about application of ethical-legal theories can be a potential barrier to the nursing prractice (Rhome 2004). A nurse who is unaware of ethical principles is likely to harm the patient in case of a dilemma. Thus, if a patient wants a pain relieving medication while the relatives are against it, the nurse should apply the principle of autonomy and the deontology theory and is to give the patient the medication instead of following the relatives command. A nurse who is not aware of the principle of autonomy and the theory of deontology is likely to follow utilitarianism theory and deny the patient the medication. This will cause harm to the patient as it makes him suffer. Policies and Guidelines that Affect the Ethical and Legal Issues The national, international and local policies and guidelines that apply to ethical and legal issues concern the nursing care of a patient who is terminally ill. The nurse should provide care to a patient who is terminally ill so that he can have control over his management (Gedge et al. 2007). This policy is related to the ethical principle of beneficence and it means that the nurse should not withhold treatment but continue caring for the patient. Cook (2008) explains that the management of a person with terminal illness should be in line with his beliefs as well as the culture. This policy coincides with the principle of autonomy and the ethical-legal theory of deontology. The nurse should respect the dignity of the patient and provide care not discriminating his culture or beliefs. This also means that the nurse should not harm the client because going against his beliefs and culture can interfere with the healing process. With a view to the selected incident, the nurse could have listened to the views of the patients relatives and act accordingly instead of following the doctors instructions and withholding medication. The nurse should know about conditions like mental disabilities and beware of the side effects of medications that can affect the decision making process of a patient who is terminally ill (Rhome 2004). This policy is important because it affects the nurses choice about the autonomy of the patient. It influences the selection of a person who should decide on the behalf of the patient. The nurse should explain the progression of the disease, the management and possible outcome to the person acting on behalf of the patient ,so that he can make an informed decision (Singer 2010). With a view to the selected incident, the nurse acted ethically explaining the treatment regimen of the patient to the family members. The nurse who is taking care of a terminally ill patient must know the patients wishes as well as expectations regarding his management (Gallagher et al. 2007). The nurse should develop a therapeutic relationship with the patient so that she probes him to express his feelings and thoughts about the disease. By so doing, the nurse will know the patients wishes and expectations. This policy is important because it provides a solution in case the relatives or the health cares wishes are not compatible with the patients expectations. With a view to the selected incident, ethical and legal issues arose, since the patient was unconscious and no one knew either his wishes or expectations. The nurse who is responsible for the patient with terminal illness must know the outcome of the doctors management and document it accordingly (Cook 2008). This means that the nurse should discuss the patients care and progress with the doctor.. This policy is in line with the principle of beneficence and nonmaleficience. When a nurse knows the rationale behind the doctors management, she is likely to provide the service, beneficial to the patient, and avoid harm. With a view to the selected incident, the nurse could have discussed the patient management with the doctor, so that they explore other possibilities instead of withholding treatment because it was distressing for the family members. It is essential for the nurse to provide palliative care to a patient with terminal illness (Chantal 2006). The care should include physical, psychological, social and emotional support. Physical care involves provision of medication that relieves the distressing symptoms of the disease process. Psychological and emotional care involves counseling the patient about the disease process, so that he comes to term with it. Social support entails talking to the patient and encouraging him so that he does not feel lonely. This policy relates to deontology and utilitarianism theories. According to the deontology theory, the nurse should provide palliative care to the terminally ill patient because it is her duty. On the other hand, utilitarianism theory will restrict a nurse to provide palliative care to the terminally ill patient if many people do not feel happy about the idea. With a view to the selected incident, the nurse withheld treatment instead of providing palliative care because t he majority accepted the outcome. Conclusion In conclusion, ethical and legal issues are imperative in the care of a patient with terminal illness. This happens because they influence the decisions of the health care providers concerning the management of the patient. With a view to the selected incident, the ethical issues that arise are autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficience and justice. Legal issues concern the law and they assist the health care professional to make a rational decision when the ethical principles are in conflict. One of the legal issues is the law that prohibits killing and when a patient wants his life be taken the nurse can disrespect his autonomy because the law forbids killing. Nurses should apply the ethical-legal theories in the nursing practice if they want to provide a comprehensive and holistic care to the patients with terminal illness. Recommendations Nurses should strive to know the ethical and legal issues concerning patients with terminal illness by reviewing relevant literatures about the issues. This will assist them in making a rational decision when faced with an ethical dilemma. Battes (20003) states that a nurse who is knowledgable about ethical and legal issues is likely to provide comprehensive services in times of an ethical dilemma than the one who does not know anything about it. Hospital institutions should organise seminars or workshops for the nurses to attend and learn about ethical and legal issues. This is important because as nursing continues to evolve, the legal and ethical issues keep on changing (Rhome 2004). Attending such seminars, they get to know the current practices of taking care of the patients with terminal illness. Nurses should conduct research about barriers to ethical and legal issues and then address the findings accordingly. For instance, if the barrier is understaffing then the hospital should employ more health care professionals. In case of the knowledge deficit, the nurses should be taught about ethical principles and theories. According to Thomas (2009), research enables the nurse to gain more insight about legal and ethical issues. Through research, a nurse can get introduced to the new ways of solving ethical legal dilemmas. This will assist the nurse in providing beneficial services when faced with a conflict. Finally, nurses should educate the relatives about the care of the patient and the outcome. This will assist them in making a rational decision about the patients care in the event where the patient is unconscious and cannot decide. Cook (2008) states that educating the relatives about care of the terminally ill patient alleviates the negative belief and culture that they usually hold. A patients relative who knows about the management of a terminally ill patient is unlikely to interfere with the management of the patient by prohibiting the nurse to provide care because he knows that rationale of the management. Buy custom Health Care Professionals essay

Racial Formation - Definition and Overview

Racial Formation - Definition and Overview Racial formation is the process, resulting from the interplay between social structure and everyday life, through which the meaning of race and racial categories are agreed upon and argued over. The concept comes form racial formation theory, a sociological theory  that focuses on the connections between how race shapes and is shaped by  social structure, and how racial categories are represented and given meaning in imagery, media, language, ideas, and everyday common sense. Racial formation theory frames the meaning of race as rooted in context and history, and thus as something that changes over time. Omi and Winants Racial Formation Theory In their book Racial Formation in the United States,  sociologists Michael Omi and Howard Winant define racial formation as â€Å"...the sociohistorical process by which racial categories are created, inhabited, transformed, and destroyed,† and explain that this process is accomplished by â€Å"historically situated projects in which human bodies and social structures are represented and organized.† â€Å"Projects,† here, refers to a representation of race that situates it in social structure. A racial project can take the form of common sense assumptions about racial groups, about whether or not race is significant in today’s society, or narratives and images that depict race and racial categories through mass media, for example. These situate race within social structure by, for instance, justifying why some people have less wealth or make more money than others on the basis of race, or, by pointing out that racism is alive and well, and that it impact s people’s experiences in society. Thus, Omi and Winant see the process of racial formation as directly and deeply connected to how â€Å"society is organized and ruled.† In this sense, race and the process of racial formation have important political and economic implications. Racial Formation is Composed of Racial Projects Central to their theory is the fact that race is used to signify differences amongst people, via racial projects, and that how these differences are signified connects to the organization of society. In the context of the U.S. society, the concept of race is used to signify physical differences amongst people but is also used to signify actual and perceived cultural, economic, and behavioral differences. By framing racial formation this way, Omi and Winant illustrate that because the way we understand, describe, and represent race is connected to how society is organized, then even our common sense understandings of race can have real and significant political and economic consequences for things like access to rights and resources.Their theory frames the relationship between racial projects and social structure as dialectical, meaning that the relationship between the two goes in both directions, and that change in one necessarily causes change in  the other. So, the outcomes of a racialized social structure- differentials in wealth, income, and assets on the basis of race, for example- shape what we believe to be true about racial categories. We then use race as a sort of shorthand to provide a set of assumptions about a person, which in turn shapes our expectations for a person’s behavior, beliefs, worldviews, and even intelligence. The ideas we develop about race then act back on the social structure in various political and economic ways. While some racial projects might be benign, progressive, or anti-racist, many are racist. Racial projects which represent certain racial groups as less than or deviant impact the structure of society by excluding some from employment opportunities, political office, educational opportunities, and subject some to police harassment, and  higher rates of arrest, conviction, and incarceration. The Changeable Nature of Race Because the ever-unfolding process of racial formation is one carried out by racial projects, Omi and Winant point out that we all exist among and within them, and they inside of us. This means that we are constantly experiencing the ideological force of race in our everyday lives, and what we do and think in our everyday lives has an impact on social structure. This also means that we as individuals have the power to change the racialized social structure and eradicate racism by changing the way we represent, think about, talk about, and act in response to race.

Langston Hughes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Langston Hughes - Essay Example Langston's sensitive nature was also responsible paradoxically in reinforcing his sense of separateness as a Negro. He acknowledged his race to be clearly an advantage, which gained him fame and recognition not only among his peers but also among those towards whom he was subjected towards color sensitivity, as it was his color that acknowledged and helped him in seeking his own identity in revealing the black experience. Langston Hughes was aware of the fact that being a black, his race would never be granted permission to gain access in participating in any effort towards America. He wanted the blacks to awake from the long sleep and start making the dream of their homeland a reality, although it was the dream which according to Langston was converted into a nightmare for Southern blacks, he aimed at rehabilitating that nightmare again into an American dream. No doubt Langston Hughes was among one of those renaissance writers who produced little work on Harlem, but whatever they produced, the work emerged as a magnum opus in the Harlem Renaissance history and produced a true Harlem color. Langston Hughes, the Harlem writer was especially adept at portraying New York's ghetto life concerning about people, culture and religion. What he experienced during the renaissance enabled him to portray the true face of white Americans and in the form of words he described it. Langston's work about Harlem reveal his versatility as wh... ons African Americans had to face regarding social and economic factors of Harlem, he found a ready market among some blacks who wanted to read about life in the black metropolis on one hand, while on the other he was aware of those whites who were attracted to the exotic, strange, and colorful rhythms of 'nigger heaven'". (Wintz, 1988, p. 45) Harlem, though, was more than a playground for white Manhattan, for Africans it was more than a battle. A battle conducted not to loose, but to win and make whites acknowledge their identities as African Americans. "It was a teeming, overcrowded ghetto, and much of its laughter and gaiety only thinly veiled the misery and poverty that was becoming the standard of life for the new black urban masses. This, too, was reflected by the Harlem Renaissance, viewed from the perspective of Langston". (Wintz, 1988, p. 46) "Langston portrayed the outbreak of World War I as the only means, which intensified racial conflicts in America. He was aware of the sacrifices given by every single African of America and realized the importance of African traditional people in supporting America's war, with a hope that their efforts would display one day a result of loyalty and battlefield gallantry to win them popular support in their quest for equality". (Rampersad, 2002, p. 54) Langston encouraged their efforts to participate fully in their country's battles; blacks have traditionally confronted a government reluctant to accept their services. During World War I the already existing racial strife intensified these problems. Some poets saw Harlem slightly different as compared to other poets of Renaissance in a sense that unlike many would be black writers; Langston Hughes was strongly drawn to the black people of Harlem, which won the hearts of